Doccol MCAO線(xiàn)拴可以將腦梗塞體積標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差減少至5%
成功的MCAO模型的腦血流在插入線(xiàn)拴時(shí)會(huì)有斷崖式下降；在拔出線(xiàn)拴后，激光多普勒檢測(cè)的血流會(huì)很快恢復(fù)（圖A）。采用硬質(zhì)尼龍魚(yú)線(xiàn)線(xiàn)拴，極易戳破血管，造成蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血（Subarachnoid hemorrhage，圖B）。手術(shù)過(guò)程中血管如果被線(xiàn)拴戳破，腦血流不會(huì)有斷崖式下降，而是緩慢下降；在拔出線(xiàn)拴后，腦血流也不會(huì)恢復(fù)。造成腦梗塞體積變異的原因還有，不完全的梗塞血管或線(xiàn)拴移位造成的血流下降程度不均***及提前灌注。因此，線(xiàn)栓的質(zhì)地是MCAO模型穩(wěn)定的關(guān)鍵。
對(duì)于MCAO模型來(lái)說(shuō)，主要有兩種線(xiàn)拴，無(wú)包被的火焰熔燙圓頭線(xiàn)拴及硅膠包被線(xiàn)拴。研究表明(Tsuchiya et al. 2003)，無(wú)包被的圓頭線(xiàn)拴在MCAO實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中可能導(dǎo)致高達(dá)40%的蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血，而其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差可能比平均值的50%還要大。另***項(xiàng)技術(shù)文章表明(Shimamura et al. 2006a)，硅膠包被線(xiàn)拴要遠(yuǎn)好于無(wú)包被的圓頭線(xiàn)拴，其結(jié)果更為穩(wěn)定，即使對(duì)于沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的實(shí)驗(yàn)者來(lái)說(shuō)也是如此。而多聚賴(lài)氨酸包被的線(xiàn)拴只能增加死亡率，不能減少梗賽體積的變異程度(Huang et al. 1998)。
Doccol MCAO線(xiàn)拴全部為硅膠包被，圓潤(rùn)、柔軟、包被均勻，即使在沒(méi)有激光多普勒實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)的情況，也不會(huì)將血管戳破。使用自制的硅膠包被的線(xiàn)拴，大鼠(Schmid-Elsaesser et al. 1998)及小鼠(Shah et al. 2006)的腦梗塞體積的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差均在30%左右。而使用Doccol MCAO線(xiàn)拴可以得到更好的結(jié)果。對(duì)于大鼠MCAO模型來(lái)說(shuō)，使用Doccol MCAO線(xiàn)拴得到的結(jié)果的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差可達(dá)10%-20% （Ruscher et al.2012；Ishizaka et al.2013；Sakata et al.2012；Candelario-Jalil et al. 2008；Khan et al. 2006；Liu et al. 2006；Shimamura et al. 2006b；Solaroglu et al. 2006；Tsubokawa et al. 2007；Tsubokawa et al. 2006a；Tsubokawa et al. 2006b)。對(duì)于小鼠來(lái)說(shuō)，使用Doccol MCAO線(xiàn)拴得到的結(jié)果的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差可達(dá)5%-10%(Chen et al.2014; Bae et al.2013; Jin et al.2011; Gu et al.2012; Kleinschnitz et al. 2007; Maysami et al. 2008; Pignataro et al. 2007b; Pignataro et al. 2007c)。
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